ANALYSIS OF THE PRODUCTION AND PROPERTIES OF WOOD-POLYMER COMPOSITE MATERIALS

Abstract

Wood-polymer composite materials are one of the main directions in the social life of mankind and have great prospects in the world, Due to the fact that they show the best and highest performance in terms of physical and mechanical properties of wood and polymer. Initially, the study of composite materials based on wood and wood filler began by German scientists in the 1930s, and by 1941, it was introduced into industrial production. Phenol-formaldehyde and urea-formaldehyde resins were mainly used as binders in these composite materials. Later, after it was determined that these resins were partially harmful to human health, scientists conducted research on other types of binders in the production of wood shavings, wood fiber and wood filler-based products and materials. In the production of such composite materials, only the brand of urea-formaldehyde resin (LT),  the brand of low toxicity, has been preserved, but it is also harmful to human health. Research has shown that polymers (polyvinyl chloride, polyolefins) can be used as binders in the production of wood filler-based compositions, and on this basis, the production of composite materials began. These materials and products came to be known as wood-polymer composite materials. Another peculiarity of this production technology is that the modes of operation of the processes in the production and technology vary depending on the place of production, the climatic conditions of the region. Therefore, the countries producing wood-polymer composite materials in the world will develop technology depending on their climate and weather conditions. The main difference in these technologies is observed in two processes:

- Preparation of raw materials and chemicals for production

- Temperature regimes in the production process

It is these two aspects that play a major role in the production of a quality product. The most important process in this production is the preparation of wood filler for production, because we know that the wood structure is porous and has the property of absorbing moisture from the air. We know that wood is divided into two types: deciduous and pine. Due to its structure of hardwood than softwood, the optimal wood wool for production should be above 8 ± 10%. In the production of materials, pine is used as a raw material. In this regard, in this work, we used local poplar wood and assume the technological feasibility of composites consisting of wood and a thermoplastic matrix for use in thermoforming at four mass fractions in the composition of wood fillers. For this purpose, an analysis of the viscoelastic, thermomechanical and thermophysical properties of a composite consisting of polyvinyl chloride was carried out