THE ROLE OF GENETIC FACTORS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF AGE RELATED MACULAR
Keywords:
age-related macular degeneration; pathogenesis; complement factor H gene; genes HTRA1, ARMS2/LOC387715, PLEKHA1Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration is part of the group of diseases called degenerative maculopathies (macular degenerations). Specifically, the age-related form is the most frequent, especially in women, and appears from the sixth decade of the person’s life onwards. It appears bilaterally, although not always with the same severity. It affects the macula, which is the central part of the eye where distinct, high-resolution vision has its seat.
The pathological picture is rather complicated, comprising several alterations (drusen formation, retinal neovascularization, detachment of the pigment epithelium), which can occur either individually or simultaneously and, if not detected in time and treated, lead to blindness.
The results obtained open up new prospects for understanding the pathogenesis of AMD, which will help develop an active medical management system for patients at the outpatient stage with the determination of individual risks for the development and progression of AMD, the appointment of individual preventive measures for both the patients themselves and their families.
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